Early times people used to migrate because of environmental changes and hand to meet. There are several other reasons of migration. People live in vulnerable areas so they migrate for their easy survival. Other type include is forced migration. Another commonly seen type of migration is rural –urban migration. With the development, the word of migration is evolved. And the different type of migration is seen. According to the 2008 International Organization for Migration (IOM) report, about 192 million people lived outside their place of origin. Earlier when men have fewer facilities his live is less complicated. But when man extended his family the basic necessities has been changed. Man started searching more food that was beyond the geographical boundaries. Thanks to technology that force people to migrate from own country to another country. Famous forced migration is due to Hiroshima Nagasaki incident. In modern world people also searching for peace for their survival.
Every type of migration is common in this global village. Where people have access to farer things more than nearer one. So they search for their employment not only in their own but also different countries. Also they go different countries for studying and doing job there as well. But after achieving their ultimate goal they went back to their own country. This type of migration is due to money. The World Bank projects that by 2010 the active economic population of developed countries will increase by 50 million people compared to an increase of 733 million people in developing countries.This is happen in developing to developed countries. Like Pakistan, Indian use to migrate highly developed countries for the sake of employment and studying.
With the survival of man environmental migration was also common it also said short term migration. In which people migrate due to high temperature, like if some places winter/summer temperature is high comparing to other areas people use to move low temperature areas. Moreover if there are less facilities for saving their lives from temperature. When changes appear in temperature then they come back to their sweet home. Environmental degradation, recurrent drought and chronic food insecurity also major reasons to migrate. Throughout history, Africa has experienced important migratory movements, both voluntary and forced. Ethiopia has experienced greatest migration because of ecological and due to conflicts.
People also migrate due to disasters like flood, earthquake, volcano etc. Environment is key factor of migration from nomadic pastoralists who follow the favorable grazing conditions that arise after rain, to people displaced by natural disasters such as the Indian Ocean tsunami and Hurricane Katrina. Migration is usually happened in environmental disaster countries; like city to another city. But if the condition is not gonna better earlier they started living migration areas. But people of some earthquake areas started living in less disaster areas. Like some Japanese and Chinese started living their neighbor countries.
There are many reasons for migration. Like other migration types rural-urban migration is also common. People do rural-urban migration because of more facilities in urban and less facilities in rural. ILO said people migrate rural to urban in search of ‘decent work’. Also Formal and permanent jobs in rural areas are rare, the main examples being teachers, health workers and police. The apple farms of South Africa’s Western Cape, for example, have shed permanent staff in favor of contract labor .In urban areas usually they started selling fruits, vegetables, etc. Moreover their women also started working as housekeepers in every country rural-urban migration is found.
Another modern time migration is forced migration. Nuclear technology is not only cause of this. Forced migration means any type of behavior hits people directly from the country where they live, sometimes outside forces compel them to do that action. In this any pitching behavior that hurts the self-esteem of masses e.g. ignorance, hatred of white people from black people. Hatred of some sects like Ahmedhi so they prefer to migrate some other country. Although they have born nationality of that country but they compel to migrate. There are so many other cases of migration in which outside forces involved like the case of Chechnya, Palestine, Kashmir, Iraq etc where many innocent people migrate. In which so many cases is like temporarily migration like Afghanistan, when America invaded them they migrate in a large number to Pakistan. Kuwait was also a example of it, when America and Iraq invaded, where people forced to migrate to their own to different countries. But when condition of their country gonna better they back to migrate their own country.
But whatever the reason cause of migration it creates many problems for the areas of migration. Drastic change in population. Less earning and housing opportunities, health facilities etc. The life becomes miserable for natives. Language barrier also a problem of migration. Culture and religion may be problem for emigrants. Also sometimes government failed to fulfill the needs of natives and emigrants. Due to this emigrants get houses on higher prices even if they get it on rent. Also emigrants faced difficulties to obey the norms of the migrant’s country.
For abolishing this migration problems or overcoming these faults ,government role is very essential. Only state level this problem should be catered. This is personal desire and human right to go anywhere in the world for the sake of better employment and education. But some migration happen forcedly (natural disaster, human conflicts) or some people take advantage of the rules and illegally migrate. this type of migration should be abolished. Anyone who illegally migrates should be prosecuted and imprisoned for a very long time. For overcoming the problems of rural urban migration government should make strong policies. Ensure implementation of all policies. Should develop small towns between the cities and rural areas. So where rural people develop factories houses ,provide health and other facilities. It can overcome the overpopulation problems of rural-urban areas. Government should enforce equality in country that is based on just humanity. No sects and religious clashes hurts self-esteem of any person. Everyone should strictly follow the rules made by country. Government should ensure the employment according to the people caliber . should build buildings that would disaster proof. If any case of severe conflict if any nation like Kashmir, Chechnya and other conflict nation migrate another country, government and people should accept them open-heartily. Should make colonies for these peoples where they live should allot special work solely for them. Migration can never stopped it is essential for human survival and for development. International organization for migration is also working for migration problems and solutions in different countries. For earning more education, it’s good for adopting other culture. In nutshell, everything should be acceptable if it follow rules but if volatiles rules and compel for adopting disliking thing that should be cut down.
